A few active directions in string theory are described in this paper, in particular, string cosmology and challenges to theorists posed by recent results in observational cosmology.

简述目前超弦理论中比较受到研究者较多关注的几个方向，特别是超弦宇宙学以及观测宇宙学的最新进展对理论提出的挑战。

youdao

The ultimate goal of observational cosmology is to capture the entire history of the universe, providing a seamless picture of our descent from a shapeless gas of subatomic particles.

观测宇宙学的终极目标，是建构宇宙的完整历史，对于宇宙最早由次原子粒子所构成的无形气体，提供清晰连贯的图像。

youdao

Experimental Astrophysicist George Smoot is an active researcher in observational astrophysics and cosmology.

试验天体物理学家乔治-斯莫特是一位在活跃天体物理学和宇宙学领域非常活跃的科学家。

youdao

Thus, Einstein introduced his cosmological constant as an ad hoc factor in his equations, in order to conform with observational cosmology of the era which called for a static universe.

FORBES: Dark Energy Camera Could Reshape Einstein Cosmology

Cosmology is an observational science.

ECONOMIST: The truth is out there. Maybe